Charles's diplomacy is considered in John Joseph Murray, George I, the Baltic and the Whig Split of 1717: A Study in Diplomacy and Propaganda (1969). His use of artillery, his tactical innovations, and his strategy when placed in their European context show that he ranks high as a military leader. Myths about Charles XII are legion. He passed away on the battlefield, fighting Norwegian forces, on November 30, 1718. Leaving his garrisons in Finland, the Baltic Provinces, and parts of Swedish Germany to care for themselves, Charles turned first against Denmark. He also had been whittling at Swedish possessions in Finland and the Baltic Provinces while committing enough troops to Poland to gain time. ), king of Sweden (1697-1718), an absolute monarch who defended his country for 18 years during the Great Northern War and promoted significant domestic reforms. Famous Role Models You Would Like To Meet. Very little went right for Charles XII after Poltava. Soon Charles's abilities would be put to the test. Literature on Charles XII. 0 Reviews . Charles XII of Sweden (17 June 1682 - 30 November 1718) was King of Sweden from 5 April 1697 to 30 November 1718, succeeding Charles XI of Sweden and preceding Ulrika Eleonora of Sweden.King Charles was known as an exceptionally skilled military leader and tactician and an able politician, proving himself during the Great Northern War against . A few days prior to the commencement of the battle, Charles had faced an injury to his leg, which had not healed. Please subscribe my channel A biography on Charles XIV John or Jean Baptiste Bernadotte was a marshal of France and king of Sweden from 1818 to his death . Under pressure from his allies Charles signed a treaty at Travendal which was a return to the status quo. Carl Linnaeus is the 2nd most popular biologist, the most popular biography from Sweden and the most popular Swedish Biologist. The war that resulted was known as the Great Northern War. Charles's advance, at first crowned with success, ran into trouble because of long supply lines and Russia's policy. 1968
Hence, he was the only remaining son of the royal family. Hatton, Ragnhild Marie, Charles XII, London: Historical Association, 1974. His firmness—often called stubbornness— was Sweden's greatest as set, and his death contributed appreciably to Sweden's denouement. Charles was the only surviving son of Charles XI and Ulrika Eleonora the Elder. Charles XII of Sweden is not a member of European royalty with whom many of us are familiar. In this fascinating and scholarly biography Professor Hatton has tackled the basic problem which any modern study of Charles XII, King of Sweden from 1697 to 1718, poses: where does the truth lie between the vilification of one school of historians for whom an 'illiterate warrior-king' can do nothing right, and the boundless admiration of those who, in search of rational e. In this fascinating and scholarly biography Professor Hatton has tackled the basic problem which any modern study of Charles XII, King of Sweden from 1697 to 1718, poses: where does the truth lie between the vilification of one school of historians for whom an 'illiterate warrior-king' can do nothing right, and the boundless admiration of those who, in search of rational explanations for Charles' policies, tend to a belief that the king could do no wrong? As a child, he was a keen observer of the political and military matters of his kingdom, while preparing to rule the kingdom someday. Even the Meteor's . Charles XII spent his childhood amidst luxury. After moving to London from Norway she taught at the London School of Economics from 1949 until her retirement. The regency under which he succeeded was abolished in 1697 at the request of the Riksdag. Hence, Charles XII inherited the throne of Sweden. Be the first to ask a question about Charles XII of Sweden. Charles XII of Sweden’s life was mostly consumed by wars. Unaware that the neighboring enemies were constantly keeping an eye on him, he enjoyed life to the fullest. Charles XII lived fast, died young and when he went down, he took the entire country of Sweden with him, kind of how an uninvited twink can ruin a brunch. He broke from the tradition of narrating diplomatic and military events, and emphasized customs, social history and achievements in the arts and sciences. It challenges several traditions created by historians of both the old and new schools of Carolean historiography and through a chronological review provides a balanced account of the king's life. He could be charming but knew that in diplomacy charm without strength was relatively useless. See the events in life of Charles XII Of Sweden in Chronological Order, https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Karl_XII_1706.jpg, https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Karl_XII_1697.jpg, https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Portr%C3%A4tt_av_Karl_XII._Alt-Ranstad_-_Skoklosters_slott_-_86683.tif, https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Carl_XII_of_Sweden,_engraving.jpg, https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Karl_(Charles)_XII_of_Sweden.png, https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:David_Kl%C3%B6cker_Ehrenstrahl_-_Charles_XII_of_Sweden_1697.jpg, https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Portrait_of_Charles_XII_of_Sweden.jpg. Charles XII of Sweden was the king of Sweden from 1697 to 1718. Yet military survival had to be his main objective. Frederick IV of Denmark : biography 11 October 1671 - 12 October 1730 Nonetheless, much of the king's life was spent in strife with kinsmen.
Charles XI was born to King Charles X Gustav and Queen Hedwig Eleonora of Holstein-Gottorp on November 24, 1655, in the Stockholm Palace. Still he did not begin a single conflict, and any court of international law must consider his stand just, though unrealistic. Charles XII (Swedish: Karl XII) was the king of Sweden from 1697 to 1718. His father passed away in 1697. Charles had seven kids of whom three survived him.
Between 1701 and 1707, Charles was involved in a series of negotiations in Europe, which ended up reducing the Danish and the Polish threats to a great extent. Following this, he decided to focus solely on Russia, which was the biggest worry for Sweden. We have new and used copies available, in 1 editions - starting at $26.20. Rather he was good at it. Charles XII, sometimes Carl XII (Swedish: Karl XII) or Carolus Rex (17 June 1682 - 30 November 1718 O.S. Charles XII: Warrior King by John Hattendorf. Charles took refuge with the Ottoman Turks, encouraging their . The mummified remains of Charles lie in the grounds of a Stockholm church, but have been exhumed at least three times, the last being in 1917 for forensic analysis.
Charles's youth and inexperience invited the coalition (1699) of Peter I Peter I. or Peter the Great, For the first few years, the young king focused on hunting and partying. IMHO, Poltava was his defeat because that battle did break the back of his army and was a turning point of the Great Northern War. By Defeating My Enemies is a military biography of Charles XII of Sweden, the first written in English in over 50 years. It challenges several traditions created by historians of both the old and new schools of Carolean historiography and through a chronological review provides a balanced account of the king's life. His biography is available in 167 different languages on Wikipedia (up from 160 in 2019). He should have taken advantage of this victory and brought Russia completely to terms, but he turned once more against Augustus. In this fascinating and scholarly biography Professor Hatton has tackled the basic problem which any modern study of Charles XII, King of Sweden from 1697 to 1718, poses: where does the truth lie between the vilification of one school of historians for whom an 'illiterate warrior-king' can do . Welcome back. Charles XII, 1682-1718, king of Sweden (1697-1718), son and successor of Charles XI. In 1701 Swedish troops crossed the Dvina in full view of the enemy, inflicted a severe defeat on Augustus's forces, and cleared Livonia of Polish soldiers. 2 reviews. By Defeating My Enemies is a military biography of Charles XII of Sweden, the first written in English in over 50 years. He cleared the marshes around Pripetz of Russian auxiliaries and marched through Poland and Silesia into Saxony, where in September 1707 at Altranstädt Augustus was forced to abandon both his Polish throne and his coalition with Russia. In a battle in Norway’s Fredriksten, he was shot in his head. Carolus Rex- An Afternoon of Swedish History concerning King Charles XII and the Great Northern War "Were Socrates and Charles the Twelfth of Sweden both present in any company, and Socrates to say, 'Follow me and hear a lecture on philosophy' and Charles, laying his hand on his sword, to say, 'Follow me and dethrone the Czar', a man would be ashamed to follow Socrates." -Samuel . While a combined Anglo-Dutch fleet kept the Danish navy bottled up in Copenhagen, on July 24, 1700, Charles landed his troops on Zeeland. To Charles the defense of his realm was a mixture of honor, duty, and patriotism. Following this, Charles returned to Sweden, only to find it in a poor state after years of war and most of the empire under foreign control. As a child, he was a keen observer of the political and military matters of his kingdom, while preparing to rule the kingdom someday. Even worse, his cavalry surrendered on July 1 at Perevolotjna. Charles F. Horne (1870 - 1942) A collection of writings about a variety of men and women from history who were some of the most prominent people around at the time. Sweden -- Kings and rulers -- Biography. parent->child relationship with Hedvig Sophia, Princess of Sweden (born 26 June 1681 Jul.Cal. It also marked the end of the Swedish Empire, and the country was pushed into a parliamentary government, which was not the norm in Europe. He was the second child and the first son of Charles XI of Sweden and Ulrika Eleonora of Denmark. At the coronation he omitted the usual oath and crowned himself. He was reserved and like his father distrusted all things French. However, he was too young to take charge of the country. Charles XI, conscious of his own neglected education, selected the best available teachers for the boy's instruction; the future king was well grounded in theology, military science, the classics, languages, mathematics, and history. In 1702 he invaded Poland proper and occupied Warsaw, winning a decisive victory at Kliszow. Glaeser begins by setting the scene in Sweden before Charles's birth, which leads seamlessly to his . The regency ruled the nation for 7 months, and when they thought that Charles was ready to rule solely, they crowned him the king. The monarchs of all the three neighboring nations formed an alliance in 1700 and planned to launch a major attack on Sweden.
People born on June 17 fall under the Zodiac sign of Gemini, the Twins. I first learned about Charles XII and the Swedish Empire on a visit to Stockholm and have been interested in the subject ever since. (27 June 1682 greg.)) Charles was also known for practicing abstinence from sex and alcohol. He was the only son of King Charles X Gustav of Sweden and Hedwig Eleonora of Holstein-Gottorp.His father died when he was four years old, so Charles was educated by his . Putnam's Sons, 1902 - Sweden - 320 pages. Swedish Subjects: Charles XII, King of Sweden, 1682-1718. Initially, Charles XII’s reign was peaceful. He took part in the Nordic War (1700-1721), in which his enemies were Denmark, Poland and Russia. New York, The Press of the Readers Club [©1941] He assumed power, after a seven-month caretaker government, at the age of fifteen. parent->child relationship with Carl XII, King of Sweden (born 17 June 1682 Jul.Cal. His parents were Charles Frederick, Duke of Holstein-Gottorp (a nephew of Charles XII of Sweden), and Anna Petrovna (a daughter of Emperor Peter I and Empress Catherine I of Russia). His mother was a sister of Charles XII of Sweden. Note-Worthy Accomplishments . Original source notes (data rated B): Steinbrecher quotes the Astrology Magazine of India 3/1971, "birth time given in a recently published biography by R.M.
The campaign was unsuccessful. All rights reserved. Hence, Charles was physically unfit to command his army in Poltava. Bain: Charles was more Extraordinary than Great. He launched a disastrous invasion of Russia (1707-09), resulting in the complete collapse of the Swedish armies and the loss of Sweden's status . At his tender age, Peter III lost both of his parents. He was 15 years old when he took charge after a 7-month rule by a caretaker government. A regency was formed according to the wishes of King Charles XI, but they still required the young king’s opinion on every matter.
Rumors of internal troubles between the six regents and the Estates caused the latter to request that although underage Charles assume full responsibility.
he came to the notice of none other than King Charles XII of Sweden; impressed by his knowledge & mechanical skills, King Charless XII appointed Swedenborg as . By the close of the century a Livonian discontent, Joann Reinhold Patkul, had persuaded Frederick IV of Denmark, Augustus II of Poland-Saxony, and Peter the Great of Russia to make a joint attack on Sweden to despoil the young ruler of much of his inheritance. He belonged to the House of Palatinate-Zweibrücken, a branch line of the House of Wittelsbach. Charles spent the next few years in Turkey, trying to gather forces to attack Russia. the abolition of serfdom. Answer: I think by far the most likely result of a Swedish victory at Poltava would have been that Charles XII would have continued the futile campaign in Russia and get beaten the next year or the year after. Upon his return, in 1659, the King relocated his family Riksdag of the Estates . He was carefully nurtured by his parents because his four younger brothers died as infants. The King himself was wounded, and while incapacitated he was badly defeated at Poltava on June 28, 1709. This claim for eternity was the triggering force for the celebrated Enlightenment philosophe, François-Marie Arouet de Voltaire in his daring attempt to write the biography of one of the most bizarre personalities who ever lived, that of the King Charles XII of Sweden (1682-1718), whose life and death had already been quite dazzling for the . Two of his first cousins, Charles XII of Sweden and Frederick IV, Duke of Holstein-Gottorp (the three men were the grandsons of Frederick III of Denmark), had waged war upon […] Published by H & E. Phinney, Otsego, New York. View Full . Charles XII. We today commemorate - with wonder, awe and several mega-caveats - the brief bizarre life and equally bizarre death, of Sweden's controversial King Charles XII, who met death on this day in 1718, during his second invasion of Norway. A famous warrior king, he led his country during the Northern War. Since his childhood, Charles was interested in military matters. 1969). Poland's turn was next. His mother died three months after his birth.
He, however, ended up losing his life while fighting in Norway in 1718. Before the end of the year he was crowned, and the adolescent prematurely became the man. He was the second child and the first son of Charles XI of Sweden and Ulrika Eleonora of Denmark. The Swedish king's entire strategy of invading Russia was arguably unrealistic. Charles XII, (born June 17, 1682, Stockholm—died Nov. 30, 1718, Fredrikshald, Nor.
Born as a subject to the Swedish Crown, he protested against the manner of King Charles XI of Sweden's reduction in Livonia, enraging the king, who had him arrested and sentenced to mutilation and death (1694). He could ride before he was 4 and constantly engaged in mock battles with his peers and his teachers. There are no discussion topics on this book yet.
At the time of his ascension to the throne, the Swedish Empire spanned a vast area in Europe and was known as one of the most powerful European countries. Just a moment while we sign you in to your Goodreads account. He was the second child and the first son of Charles XI of Sweden and Ulrika Eleonora of Denmark. When that fell a year later, Charles, after thrilling adventures crossing the Baltic in a small boat, came home to Sweden. Charles XII of Sweden was the king of Sweden from 1697 to 1718. He was the second child and the first son of Charles XI of Sweden and Ulrika Eleonora of Denmark.Charles XII spent his childhood amidst luxury. He was the second-born child of his parents and the eldest son in the family, making him the natural heir to the throne. As Charles XII fell, so did the Swedish Empire. By Defeating My Enemies is a military biography of Charles XII of Sweden, the first written in English in over 50 years. 4" x 7" tall. His sister Ulrika Eleonora succeeded Charles. His father's hopes that the boy would be eased into the duties of kingship were thwarted on April 5, 1697, by Charles XI's death. He initiated several tax and legal reforms that allowed the Swedes to become rich and prosperous. Charles XII of Sweden was a famous Swedish King, who was born on June 17, 1682. Other than being an able war commander, Charles was also known as an exceptional politician and ruler. His paternal grandfather acted as Charles XII of Sweden. Details Standardized Title: Charles XII of Sweden. England and the Netherlands supported him and his armies won over the Danes during a sea battle.He also beat Peter I Russian Tsar. Perhaps a few facts should be noted. Full calf binding with black leather label on the spine. Anne, Queen of England, Scotland and Ireland, Frederick William, Elector of Brandenburg, Charles Frederick, Duke of Holstein-Gottorp, The 40 Most Popular Histories & Biographies...in Recent History. It was well he did, because on Nov. 19, 1700, Charles crushed the Russian army, taking so many prisoners he was forced to disarm them and send them home. Charles XII of Sweden defeated all his opponents (1700-06), but war renewed in 1707 when Charles invaded Russia. Is it true that Charles the 12th of sweden (Karl XII) (Carolus rex) took the city of Krakow by shouting at the guard to "open the door" and then just put his foot in the treshold so his (supriced) troops could enter the city when they opened?
His biography of Charles XII of Sweden was published by Helion & Co in 2020. The young prince was like his father in many ways.
It began with an attack on Sweden by Denmark, Saxony, Poland, and Russia. A victory at Thorn in 1703 made Augustus's position untenable, and in September of the next year Charles placed Stanislaus Leszczynski on the Polish throne.
King Charles XII won battles by skill, quick-thinking and stunning audacity. Despairing of Turkish help, Charles, after a dangerous ride through enemy territory from Adrianople, arrived on Nov. 10, 1714, at Stralsund, his last important garrison in Germany. Check out this biography to know about his birthday, childhood, family life, achievements and fun facts about him. Read more on Wikipedia. Charles had an older sister, and many of his younger brothers had passed away. The son of Charles XI and Ulrica Leonora, daughter of Frederick III of Denmark, Charles XII was born on June 17, 1682. Peter was born in Kiel, in the duchy of Holstein-Gottorp. Charles had proved that despite his age, he was an excellent military commander. But OK, there is a possibility that a Swedish victory could have resulted in a favour.
Royalty.nu - Swedish Royalty, Kings and Queen of Sweden Charles XI passed away in 1697, and the burden of ruling the nation fell on Charles XII’s shoulders. Charles XII | king of Sweden | Britannica Scholars from 12 different countries create a broad perspective on Sweden's King Charles XII and the Great Northern War in European history. His death rather than his actions was a significant cause of Sweden's decline. Biography/Timeline. He was hailed by the historians as a great military commander and an able politician. Link to Wikipedia biography. His father's plans that Charles should be subject to a regency during which he could gain experience also were not realized. He made significant contributions to the economic and industrial development of Sweden, particularly mining. The regency under which he succeeded was abolished in 1697 at the request of the Riksdag.
Charles XII and the collapse of the Swedish empire, 1682-1719 by R. Nisbet Bain ( Book ) Œuvres historiques by Voltaire ( Book ) An epistle to the King of Sweden from a lady of Great-Britain by Susanna Centlivre ( ) Charles XI, (born Nov. 24, 1655, Stockholm—died April 5, 1697, Stockholm), king of Sweden who expanded royal power at the expense of the higher nobility and the lower estates, establishing an absolutist monarchy that ended only with the death of Charles XII in 1718.. Charles, the only son of Charles X Gustav and Hedvig Eleonora of Holstein-Gottorp, was only five years old when he succeeded . For the most renowned biography see: Voltaire: History of Charles XII, King of Sweden. Buy Charles XII of Sweden by Ragnhild Marie Hatton online at Alibris. Bengtsson, according to Eric Linklater, was a literary genius and his biography, "The Sword Does Not Jest: The Heroic Life of Charles XII of Sweden,"* was the justification of his life. Charles XI Biography, Life, Interesting Facts. It challenges several traditions created by historians of both the old and new schools of Carolean historiography and through a chronological review provides a balanced account of the king's life. This was known as the Great Northern War. Duke Charles Frederick of Holstein-Gottorp (German: Karl Friedrich, Herzog zu Holstein-Gottorp) (30 April 1700 - 18 June 1739) was the son of Frederick IV of Holstein-Gottorp and his consort, Hedvig Sophia, daughter of King Charles XI of Sweden. Charless XII, however, must bear some responsibility for the loss of Sweden's status as a great power. However, by then, Norway had gathered a strong support from the neighboring countries and Charles’s chances of winning were bleak. He passed away in 1739.
Leather. Meanwhile Charles's enemies were forging alliances against him. Very Good.
Written by Voltaire, otherwise known as Francois-Marie Arouet. His mother passed away in 1693, and this was a huge shock for young Charles. Carl Linnaeus is most famous for his work on categorizing and naming plants and animals. Who Is The Greatest Female Warrior In History? That Charles' skull was so precisely excavated by the 2" diameter . Charles XII of Sweden scored a major victory over Peter the Great at the Battle of. Voltaire's best-known histories are History of Charles XII (1731), The Age of Louis XIV (1751), and his Essay on the Customs and the Spirit of the Nations (1756).
He had also proved that irrespective of the number of men in the army, if Charles commanded the forces, they would turn invincible. Connect With Us Blog Feed Our Director Talks Hygge with Exhale Lifestyle February 15, 2019. Charles XII of Sweden was the king of Sweden from 1697 to 1718. He was not a homosexual and was not killed by one of his own men. Robert Nisbet Bain. Click . ), was King of Sweden (including current Finland) from 1697 to 1718.He belonged to the House of Palatinate-Zweibrücken, a branch line of the House of Wittelsbach.Charles was the only surviving son of Charles XI and Ulrika Eleonora the Elder.He assumed power, after a seven-month caretaker . Perspectives on the Character of Charles XII of Sweden: PART 1. 5 April] 1697) was King of Sweden from 1660 until his death, in a period of Swedish history known as the Swedish Empire (1611-1721).. The battle finally took place in July 1709 in Poltava. For poetry see Samuel Johnson: Vanity of Human Wishes or Lord Byron: Mazeppa. The sixth edition of Voltaire's historical novel regarding Charles XII of Sweden. In 1707, in an attempt to deliver a final blow to Russia, Charles gathered the largest army possible and marched toward Moscow. Charles XII: Warrior King was favourably reviewed in a recent issue of the Swedish history magazine, Militär Historia.In issue number 8 from 2019, author Olle Bergman provides his take on the recent anthology edited by John Hattendorg, Augustus Veenendaal, Åsa Karlsson, Margriet Lacy Bruijn, and Rolof van Hovëll tot Westerflier. Those who recognize the name of Charles XII of Sweden often only remember him as the ill-fated nemesis and contemporary of Peter the Great of Russia. Had Charles not inherited the crown, he would be ranked among the great generals of his time. New Sweden, 1638-1938 - Gilpin Library of the Historical Society of Pennsylvania - 1938 Charles XII of Sweden - Ragnhild Marie Hatton - 1969 Charles XII of Sweden - Ragnhild Marie Hatton - 1969 The 17th and 18th Centuries - Frank N. Magill - 2013-09-13 Each volume of the Dictionary of World Biography contains 250 entries on the lives of the Its intricately designed war machinery and monarchy were both absolutely destroyed. While jogging in the early morning at Talleberg, overlooking lake Siljans, amongst the old and typical Dalecarlian deep red coloured houses, I felt myself really in Sweden. Illustrated, with a frontispiece of King Charles XII, and a folding map of Europe. Biography. But he is rather interesting due to the fact that he came to the throne when only 15 years of age and . The regency under which he succeeded was abolished in 1697 at the request of the Riksdag. At the coronation he omitted the usual oath and crowned himself. Peter enjoyed great numerical superiority but fled the area before the battle was engaged.
His biography is available in 31 different languages on Wikipedia (up from 29 in 2019). He belonged to the House of Palatinate-Zweibrücken, a branch line of the House of Wittelsbach. Under Queen Anne, Cooke, a wealthy Turkey merchant, acted as English banker at Constantinople, where he met and lent substantial sums of money to Charles XII of Sweden in the years 1711-14. He was ennobled by King Charles XII of Sweden for his contributions .
Sweden had, however, remained a free country until then. The king of Denmark attacked Holstein, Poland attacked Riga, and Russia attacked Narva. Recently our director, Kerry Lavin, spoke about the Danish concept of hygge with Exhale Lifestyle. We’d love your help.
G.P. Northern War, Great (1700-21) Conflict in n Europe between Sweden and its neighbours. Charles did not see his father for four years as he went to lead the war effort. His skull was pierced, and he died immediately. He did not neglect civil administration. Charles Frederick, Duke of was born in 1700. ), was King of Sweden (including current Finland) from 1697 to 1718.He belonged to the House of Palatinate-Zweibrücken, a branch line of the House of Wittelsbach.Charles was the only surviving son of Charles XI and Ulrika Eleonora the Elder.He assumed power, after a seven-month caretaker . However, she was eventually coerced to surrender the throne to her husband, King Frederick I of Sweden. As a child, he was a keen observer of the political and military matters of his kingdom, while preparing to rule the kingdom someday. The last five years of world history have been nothing if not...eventful. © 2021 LoveToKnow Media. It challenges several traditions created by historians of both the old and new schools of Carolean historiography and . He was the second child and the first son of Charles XI of Sweden and Ulrika Eleonora of Denmark. Charles XII was the highest ranking Swedish commander present. Soon Charles occupied Courland. This book is not yet featured on Listopia. In September, Charles crossed over to Livonia, but Augustus had already withdrawn.
Bain, R. Nisbet (Robert Nisbet), Charles XI, New York: AMS Press, 1980. Charles XII spent his childhood amidst luxury.
Biography . His dress, though plain, was expensive. Charles XI, also Carl (Swedish language: Karl XI) also Charles IV (24 November 1655 - 5 April 1697 OS) was King of Sweden from 1660 until his death, in a period of Swedish history known as the Swedish Empire (1611-1718).. He had also received military training from the best military strategists of the country. He indulged in exciting escapades and committed his country by alliance to England and the Netherlands, supporting their stand on the Spanish succession for a guarantee of Sweden's possessions in the Baltic and the integrity of Holstein-Gottorp. Duke Charles Frederick of Holstein-Gottorp (30 April 1700 - 18 June 1739) was the son of Frederick IV of Holstein-Gottorp and his wife, Hedvig Sophia, daughter of King Charles XI of Sweden. Ragnhild Marie Hatton was an historian who specialized in seventeenth and eighteenth century Europe. Marshal Turenne, Charles XII Of Sweden, John Duke Of Marlborough, Prince Eugene Of Savoy, General James Wolfe and Frederick The Great are just some of the contenders. During the second attack, on Dec. 11, 1718, he was shot while besieging the Dano-Norwegian fortress of Fredriksten. His father, Charles XI, had been the ruler of Sweden for 4 decades and was known as an excellent king. However, Charles exhibited great military prowess and emerged victorious in several battles despite his forces being severely outnumbered. He stayed there for a year and prepared for one more assault on Norway in 1718. One of the most important of them was the victory at the Battle of Holowczyn. Charles XII of Sweden synonyms, Charles XII of Sweden pronunciation, Charles XII of Sweden translation, English dictionary definition of Charles XII of Sweden. In 1708, Charles led his army to face the Russians and achieved many back-to-back victories.
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